Later, Neruda escaped into exile through a mountain pass near Maihue Lake into Argentina. Friends hid him for months in a house basement in the Chilean port of Valparaíso. When Conservative Chilean President González Videla outlawed communism in Chile, a warrant was issued for Neruda's arrest. When Neruda returned to Chile after his Nobel Prize acceptance speech, Salvador Allende invited him to read at the Estadio Nacional before 70,000 people.ĭuring his lifetime, Neruda occupied many diplomatic posts and served a stint as a senator for the Chilean Communist Party. On July 15, 1945, at Pacaembu Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, he read to 100,000 people in honor of Communist revolutionary leader Luís Carlos Prestes. Colombian novelist Gabriel García Márquez once called him "the greatest poet of the 20th century in any language." In 1971 Neruda won the Nobel Prize for Literature, a controversial award because of his political activism. Neruda was accomplished in a variety of styles, ranging from erotically charged love poems like his collection Twenty Poems of Love and a Song of Despair, surrealist poems, historical epics, and overtly political manifestos. With his works translated into many languages, Pablo Neruda is considered one of the greatest and most influential poets of the 20th century. Neruda's pen name was derived from Czech writer and poet Jan Neruda Pablo is thought to be from Paul Verlaine. Neruda assumed his pen name as a teenager, partly because it was in vogue, partly to hide his poetry from his father, a rigid man who wanted his son to have a "practical" occupation. Pablo Neruda was the pen name and, later, legal name of the Chilean writer and politician Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto.
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